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P. P. František Xaver Mimra (1886-1952) - country priest and martyr
Sodomka, Petr ; Šmíd, Marek (advisor) ; Frývaldský, Pavel (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the life story of priest František Xaver Mimra who spend almost the entire period of his priestly service in the parish of Raná. It briefly describes his family, studies and his path to priesthood. At first, he worked as a chaplain in the Raná parish for two years. Later, in 1915, at his own request he left for the parish of Dolní Újezd where he spent six years. In 1921, he returned to the Raná parish as a parish priest. For thirty years he lived in the parish taking care of the church, the rectory and, above all, inspiring encouraging the spiritual life of his parishioners. His work in the Raná parish was interrupted in 1949 by his arrest and the subsequent fabricated trial in which he was sentenced to three years in prison. In 1952, he was released, but because of his poor health, due to his imprisonment, he died a few months later. P. František Xaver Mimra (1886-1952), country priest and martyr Keywords František Xaver Mimra; Raná parish; communism; Catholic Church; political trials; Czechoslovakia; persecution of priests
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Stalinist Period in Czechoslovakia - Its Interpretation and Teaching in Secondary Education
Hána, Petr ; Jirásková, Věra (referee) ; Havlůjová, Hana (referee)
1950s may be classified as one of the worst periods in Czechoslovakia's history. The totalitarian communist regime in the period between 1948 and 1953 is called the Stalinism. The primary objective hereof was to evaluate teaching about the Stalinism period in Czechoslovakia in secondary schools, in particular, to assess the scope of correctness and completeness of the related curriculum and teaching methods. The secondary objective hereof was to introduce and describe the Stalinism as a typical example of totalitarianism and to define crucial elements of this non-democratic form of government using the example of Czechoslovakia from 1948 to 1953. The thesis proceeds from the theoretical part via a case study to the practical part. The first part classifies totalitarianism, defines its historical outset and determines its main features. The second chapter describes and explains the Stalinism, which is a typical example of totalitarianism having functioned in practice in the Soviet Union from where it spread to the majority of the Communist countries, including Czechoslovakia. The third chapter explains the practical application of the Stalinism elements and methods used to control a society according to the Soviet model using the example of Czechoslovakia from 1948 to 1953. The practical part hereof focuses...
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Religious Sects in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s
Hemza, Tomáš ; Rákosník, Jakub (advisor) ; Pullmann, Michal (referee)
The thesis deals with religious sects in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. Firstly, it describes new religious movements, which occurred in Czechoslovakia in the first half of the 20th century, especially Jehovah's Witnesses, Adventism, Mormonism and the others. The key theme of this thesis is the phenomenon of religious sects. It explores a procedure of the government, Communist party of Czechoslovakia and State Security. The thesis deals also with the conscientious objection in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. In conclusion the thesis tries to describe the image of religious sects in newspapers. It draws from various primary sources (National Archives of the Czech Republic, Security Services Archive, Military History Archive) and from various historiographical and sociological literature.
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Sunshine, the snow melts during the day, but freezes at night (The fifties in Kutna Hora)
Kamenář, Jan ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Nováková, Tamara (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the history of Kutná Hora in 1950's. It contains a description of the period between years 1948 - 1960. The period, during which the most important political and cultural changes but also the toughest repressions against the people took place all around the Czechoslovakia (majority of the changes and repressions was caused by the communist leadership). These years were the period of huge political purges and processes, violent collectivization and many other precautions which were only meant to provide the communists with all the power over the country. The main aim of this thesis is to introduce the situation in Kutná Hora during 1950's and to give the reader a complex overview of the local political and cultural background. All the institutions which determined everyday life in Kutná Hora are described in this thesis. The author focuses especially on the activity of The Local National Committee, courts and individual cultural institutions. The author used archive funds, historic press and specialized literature.
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Political persecution of soldiers since February 1948
Sládková, Daniela ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Fojtek, Vít (referee)
The bachelor paper "Political persecution of soldiers since February 1948" describes persecution of soldiers in the above mentioned era in connection with class-struggle, searching for the state enemy and building so called "Great Army". The thesis describes main means of persecution, their executors and tools and also tries to find out whether the fates of individual soldiers were similar and how they fit in the typology of persecuted groups. The thesis also introduces stories of two soldiers who became victims of this political despotism.
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Path of Czechoslovakia from Support of Zionism to Anti-Zionist Position (1947-1957)
Habermann, Tomáš ; Charvátová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Galandauer, Jan (referee) ; Pejčoch, Ivo (referee)
The theme of this thesis is attitude of the Communist Party and Czechoslovak totalitarian regime to Zionism in 1947-1957. The main aim of the archive research was to map gradual change of the communist regime from its position of the supporter of Zionism to that one of convinced anti-Zionism (nearly to anti-Semitism). Support of Zionism was primarily presented by help to the nascent state of Israel in 1947-1949. The evidence is given by the role of Czechoslovakia at meetings of the United Nations General Assembly in 1947 and its role as a member of United Nations Special Committee on Palestine. Furthermore, supplies of military equipment to Israel, diplomatic support, demographic support and training of Jewish brigade in Czechoslovak territory in 1948. Gradual change to anti-Zionist position at the end of 1940s and beginning of 1950s is illustrated with complicated negotiations on economic cooperation and with interfering of the regime in running of Jewish religious communities and Zionist organisations. During the first half of 1950s the support turned into downright opposition and lead in a diplomatic quarrel caused by the Slánský trial which had definitely anti-Semitic and anti-Zionist dimension. Utterly anti-Zionist position of the regime is also supported with further politically motivated trials -...
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Political trials in Czechoslovakia - The Case "Zpěvačka"
Doležalová, Ivana ; Županič, Jan (advisor) ; Lánský, Ondřej (referee)
This Master's thesis will look at the Political trials in Czechoslovakia - The case of "Zpěvačka", it will focus on one of the many politically motivated processes that took place in Czechoslovakia during the communist regime, i.e. 1948-1989. The focus of this paper is to analyse the key archival sources, which is now an investigation by the State Security in the case of "Zpěvačka", now stored in the Archive of Security Forces. The trial of the anti-state oriented group of people around Radana Melicharová who were accused of collaborating with foreign intelligence services took place in the spring of 1957. This shows that even the so-called foundation period of the communist regime, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia continued to implement political processes to control the opposition. This thesis brings the main characters of the process Radana Melicharová et al., describes their illegal activities and analyses the motives of each participants on illegal activities. And also discusses about the main trial itself at the Regional Court in Prague, subsequent appeal trials and the efforts to rehabilitate convicts. Contribution of the work lies in the fact that it complements many previously published scientific studies on the topic of the political process and less known and studied process with a...
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